鎽樸€€瑕�: 灏嶆垜鍦嬬従(xi脿n)鏈夌殑鍖椾含銆佷笂娴枫€佸唬宸炵殑鍦伴惖鍒楄粖鑷嫊閬�(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)閫�(j矛n)琛屽垎鏋�銆佹瘮杓�,骞舵寚鍑轰簡鍦嬬敘(ch菐n)鍖栧垪杌婅嚜鍕曢亱(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎬濊矾銆� 闂�(gu膩n)閸佃: 鍦伴惖,鍒楄粖鑷嫊鎺у埗绯荤当(t菕ng),鍒楄粖鑷嫊閬�(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng),鍦嬬敘(ch菐n)鍖� 銆€銆€灏嶄簬鍩庡競杌岄亾浜ら€氱郴绲�(t菕ng)楂樻晥鐜�銆侀珮瀵嗗害鐨勮姹備締瑾�,鍒楄粖鑷嫊鎺у埗绯荤当(t菕ng)锛圓TC锛夋槸蹇呬笉鍙皯鐨�銆傚叾涓竴鍊嬮噸瑕佺殑瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鍒楄粖鑷嫊閬�(y霉n)琛岋紙椐曢锛夌郴绲�(t菕ng)锛圓TO锛夎兘妯℃摤鏈夌稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勫徃姗�(j墨)瀹屾垚椐曢鍒楄粖鐨勪换鍕�(w霉)銆侫TO瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鍒╃敤鍦伴潰淇℃伅瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)灏嶅垪杌婄壗寮�銆佸埗鍕曠殑鎺у埗,浣垮垪杌婄稉(j墨ng)甯歌檿浜庢渶浣抽亱(y霉n)琛岀媭鎱�(t脿i),鎻愰珮涔樺鐨勮垝閬╁害,鎻愰珮鍒楄粖婧�(zh菙n)榛�(di菐n)鐜�,绡€(ji茅)鑳借兘婧�銆� 銆€銆€瑷卞鍦嬪閮藉湪鐮旂┒ATO绯荤当(t菕ng),涓斿彇寰椾簡涓€瀹氱殑鎴愮妇銆傛垜鍦嬪湪姝ら爡(xi脿ng)鎶€琛�(sh霉)涓婂皻灞┖鐧�銆傛湰鏂囧皣灏嶆瘮鍒嗘瀽涓夊ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐗归粸(di菐n)銆� 1銆€ATC鑸嘇TO绨′粙 銆€銆€ATC鏄竴濂椾互瀹夊叏鍜屾晥鐜囩偤鐩殑銆佽(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鍒楄粖閬�(y霉n)琛岄枔闅旂殑鑷嫊鎺у埗瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,閫氶亷杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆佸湴闈㈣ō(sh猫)鍌欍€佽粖绔欏拰鎺у埗涓績绲勬垚鐨勬帶鍒剁郴绲�(t菕ng)瀹屾垚鍒楄粖閬�(y霉n)琛屾帶鍒�銆侫TC绯荤当(t菕ng)鍖呮嫭涓夊€嬪瓙绯荤当(t菕ng):鍒楄粖鑷嫊鐩�(ji膩n)鎺х郴绲�(t菕ng)锛圓TS锛�,鍒楄粖鑷嫊淇濊(h霉)绯荤当(t菕ng)锛圓TP锛夊拰鍒楄粖鑷嫊閬�(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)锛圓TO锛�銆� 銆€銆€ATS瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐩�(ji膩n)鐫�銆佸紩灏�(d菐o)鍒楄粖鎸夐爯(y霉)瀹氱殑鏅傚埢琛ㄩ亱(y霉n)琛�,淇濊瓑鍦伴惖閬�(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勭┅(w臎n)瀹氭€�銆傚畠閫氶亷杞�(zhu菐n)鎻涢亾宀斿缓绔嬬櫦(f膩)杌婇€�(j矛n)璺�,骞跺悜鍒楄粖鎻愪緵鐢辨帶鍒朵腑蹇冨偝渚嗙殑鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｅ懡浠�銆� 銆€銆€ATP瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鍏锋湁瓒呴€熼槻璀�(h霉)銆侀浂閫熷害妾㈡脯鍜岃粖闁€闄愬埗绛夊姛鑳�銆侫TP鎻愪緵閫熷害闄愬埗淇℃伅浠ヤ繚鎸佸垪杌婇枔鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ枔闅�,浣垮垪杌婂湪绗﹀悎闄愬埗閫熷害鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓嬮亱(y霉n)琛�銆傚湪鎵撻枊杌婇杸鍓�,ATP鍏堟鏌ュ悇绋厑瑷辨墦闁嬭粖闁€鐨勬浠�,妾㈡煡閫氶亷鍚�,鎵嶅厑瑷辨墦闁嬭粖闁€銆� 銆€銆€ATO瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鑳借嚜鍕曡(di脿o)鏁磋粖閫�,骞惰兘閫�(j矛n)琛岀珯鍏�(n猫i)瀹氶粸(di菐n)鍋滆粖,浣垮垪杌婂钩绌�(w臎n)鍦板仠鍦ㄨ粖绔欑殑姝ｇ⒑浣嶇疆銆� 銆€銆€ATO寰濧TS铏曞緱鍒板垪杌婇亱(y霉n)琛屼换鍕�(w霉)鍛戒护銆傚叾淇℃伅鏄€氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾鎴栬粚鏃侀€氫俊鍣ㄥ偝閫佸埌鍒楄粖涓婄殑銆備俊鎭稉(j墨ng)閬庤檿鐞嗗悗鍌崇郸ATO,骞堕’绀虹浉闂�(gu膩n)淇℃伅銆侫TO鐛插緱鏈夌敤淇℃伅鍚�,绲�(ji茅)鍚堢窔璺儏娉侀枊濮嬭▓(j矛)绠楅亱(y霉n)琛岄€熷害,寰楀嚭鎺у埗閲�,骞跺煼(zh铆)琛屾帶鍒跺懡浠�,鍚屾檪椤ず鏈夐棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅銆傚埌绔欏悗,闁嬮杸姊濅欢鍏佽ū鍚�,ATO鎵撻枊杌婇杸銆傚仠绔欐湡闁�,鍒楄粖閫氶亷杌�-鍦伴€氫俊绯荤当(t菕ng)鎶婂垪杌婁俊鎭偝閫佺郸鍦伴潰閫氫俊鍣�,鐒跺悗鍌冲埌ATS銆侫TS鏍规摎(j霉)鍒楄粖淇℃伅,鎶婇亱(y霉n)琛屼俊鎭偝绲﹁粖杓堿TO銆侫TO鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗗湒濡傚湒1銆� [align=center] 鍦�1銆€ATO宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊鍦朳/align] 2銆€ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐗归粸(di菐n)姣旇純 銆€銆€20涓栫磤(j矛)90骞翠唬鍒�,鍖椾含鍦伴惖1铏熺窔閮ㄥ垎鍒楄粖瀹夎浜嗚嫳鍦媁estinghouse鍏徃鐨凙TO瑷�(sh猫)鍌欙紙鏈娇鐢級;涓婃捣鍦伴惖1铏熺窔鐨凙TO瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏墖鏄緸缇庡湅GRS鍏徃寮曢€�(j矛n)鐨�,骞朵簬1996骞�11鏈堥枊濮嬪湪鍏ㄧ窔瑭︾敤銆傚唬宸炲湴閻�1铏熺窔寮曢€�(j矛n)鐨勬槸寰峰湅Siemens鍏徃鐨凙TO瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,鍦�1999骞�6鏈堟寮忛亱(y霉n)鐕�銆傜敱浜庝粬鍊戠殑ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓嶇洝鐩稿悓,鍥犳鏈夊繀瑕佸皪涓嶇浉鍚岀殑鍦版柟閫�(j矛n)琛屾瘮杓冿紙涓昏鏄疉TO瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆丄TO闇€姹傛暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囧偝杓搁€氶亾鍜屾帶鍒剁瓥鐣ワ級,鐒跺悗鍒嗘瀽鍚勭ó瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n),浠ュ埄浜嶢TO鐨勮ō(sh猫)鍌欏湅鐢�(ch菐n)鍖�銆� 銆€銆€2.1銆€鍖椾含鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng) 銆€銆€1.ATO瑷�(sh猫)鍌� 銆€銆€杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌�:鐢辫ō(sh猫)鍦ㄥ垪杌婃瘡涓€绔徃姗�(j墨)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鐨凙TO鎺у埗鍣ㄥ強瀹夎鍦ㄥ垪杌婃瘡涓€绔徃姗�(j墨)瀹よ粖楂斾笅鐨勫叐鍊婣TO鎺ユ敹澶╃窔鍜屽叐鍊婣TO鐧�(f膩)閫佸ぉ绶氱祫鎴愩€� 銆€銆€鍦伴潰瑷�(sh猫)鍌�:鍦ㄥ悇杌婄珯瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏鍏�(n猫i)瑷�(sh猫)鏈夌珯鑷篈TO閫氫俊鍣≒AC锛圥latformATOCommunicator锛�銆侾AC鍏�(n猫i)瀛樻湁鑷充笅鍏╁€嬭粖绔欑殑绶氳矾淇℃伅,骞堕€氶亷鑸嘗PU鎴朢TU鎺ュ彛,寰楀埌渚嗚嚜ATS瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬帶鍒跺懡浠�銆傚湪鍚勮粖绔欎笂涓嬭绔欒嚭浠ュ強閫�(j矛n)琛孉TO鎶樿繑鐨勬姌杩旂窔铏曡粚閬撲笂,瑷�(sh猫)鏈塜d鎴朮2鐠�(hu谩n)璺強Rd鐠�(hu谩n)璺�銆傚垪杌婂湪杌婄珯鍋滆粖鏈熼枔,缍�(j墨ng)鑱�(li谩n)閹栭浕璺強杌岄亾闆昏矾鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)姊濅欢鎺у埗鍚戝澶栫挵(hu谩n)璺櫦(f膩)閫�銆� 銆€銆€2.ATO闇€姹傛暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囧偝杓搁€氶亾 銆€銆€鍦ˋTO鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐛插彇鐨勯亷绋嬩腑,杌婅級ATP鎺ユ敹瀹夊叏淇℃伅銆傚畨鍏ㄤ俊鎭敱鍒楄粖鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶉亱(y霉n)琛屽崁(q奴)娈电殑AF900杌岄亾闆昏矾鍌抽€�,閲囩敤浣庨牷鑴堟矕瑾�(di脿o)骞呮柟寮�,鏈�8绋笉鍚岀殑瑾�(di脿o)鍒堕牷鐜�,6绋敤浜嶢TP閫熷害鍛戒护,2绋敤浜庨杸鎺у懡浠�銆傚彟澶�,杌婅級TWC绯荤当(t菕ng)鎺ユ敹鍦伴潰TWC淇℃伅銆傝┎淇℃伅涓€鑸槸闈炲畨鍏ㄦ帶鍒跺姛鑳芥暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉),璜稿閬�(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱�銆佸垪杌婅櫉銆佺洰鐨勫湴鍜岃烦鍋滅瓑銆傝┎淇℃伅閲囩敤FSK瑾�(di脿o)鍒舵柟寮�,閫氶亷鍦伴潰TWC瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏悜鍒楄粖鐧�(f膩)閫�銆傛渶鍚�,杌婅級ATO鎺ユ敹渚嗚嚜杌婅級ATP銆乀WC鐨勪俊鎭拰妯�(bi膩o)蹇楃窔鍦堢殑淇℃伅銆� 銆€銆€3.鎺у埗绛栫暐 銆€銆€閫熷害瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅):ATO鏍规摎(j霉)寰濧TP涓嵅鍙栫殑MSS鍜孴S,瑷�(j矛)绠楀垪杌婇亱(y霉n)琛岄€熷害鏇茬窔銆傝┎鏇茬窔姣旇純绨″柈,涓昏瑷�(j矛)绠楀姞閫熻綁(zhu菐n)鍕婚€熴€佸嫽閫熻綁(zhu菐n)鍒跺嫊鐨勪綅缃粸(di菐n),浠ヤ繚璀夊垪杌婇亱(y霉n)琛屾檪涓嶈秴閬嶮SS,骞朵笖鍦ㄦ瘡鍊嬭粚閬撻浕璺崁(q奴)娈电洰妯�(bi膩o)璺濋洟铏曢€熷害涓嶈秴閬庣洰妯�(bi膩o)閫熷害?锛熷垈鐮撮灢槎�?j霉)绶氳矾鐨勬儏娉佽嚜鍕曟帶鍒跺垪杌婄殑鐗藉紩鍙婂埗鍕曡几鍑�,鐩￠噺浣垮垪杌婃寜閬�(y霉n)琛岄€熷害鏇茬窔鐨勯€熷害渚嗛亱(y霉n)琛�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鍒楄粖閫熷害瓒呴亷鐩(bi膩o)閫熷害鏅�,ATP瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏牨(b脿o)璀�;鐣�(d膩ng)瓒呴亷鏈€澶у厑瑷遍€熷害鏅�,ATP瀵�(sh铆)鏂界穵鎬ュ埗鍕�銆� 銆€銆€杌婄珯鍋滆粖:鍦ㄨ粖绔欑殑瀹氫綅鍋滆粖鏄€氶亷X2鍜孹d鐠�(hu谩n)璺(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�銆傚垪杌婇€�(j矛n)鍏ヨ粖绔橷2鐠�(hu谩n)璺寖鍦嶅悗,閫氶亷鍦�-杌婁箣闁撶殑鎰熸噳(y墨ng),寰楀嚭璺濆仠杌婇粸(di菐n)鐨勮窛闆�,閫�(j矛n)琛岀涓€娆′綅缃(di脿o)鏁�,骞朵娇閫熷害鐩￠噺璨艰繎闋�(y霉)缃殑鍋滆粖閫熷害鏇茬窔銆傚湪Xd鐠�(hu谩n)璺檿,閫�(j矛n)琛岀浜屾涔熸槸鏈€鍚庝竴娆′綅缃(di脿o)鏁淬€傝嫢闇€瑕佸皪閬�(y霉n)琛屾檪闁撻€�(j矛n)琛岃(di脿o)鏁�,ATS灏囩郸鍑烘帶鍒跺懡浠�,濡傛儼琛屾帶鍒�銆佹墸杌�銆佷笅涓€杌婄珯閫氶亷绛夊懡浠�,鐢盇TO鍩�(zh铆)琛屻€� 銆€銆€2.2銆€涓婃捣鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)[3] 銆€銆€1.ATO瑷�(sh猫)鍌� 銆€銆€杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌�:涓昏鍖呮嫭ATO涓绘帶鍒跺櫒,浠ュ強杌婂簳鐨凙TP/TWC鎺ユ敹绶氬湀銆乀WC鐧�(f膩)閫佸ぉ绶氾紙TWC鐐鸿粖-鍦伴€氫俊瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)锛�銆佸皪浣嶅ぉ绶�銆佹(bi膩o)蹇楃窔鍦堛€� 銆€銆€鍦伴潰瑷�(sh猫)鍌�:鍖呮嫭姣忓€嬭粖绔橝TC瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏鍏�(n猫i)鐨勮粖绔欏仠杌婃ā濉婁互鍙婃部姣忓€嬬珯鑷哄竷缃殑涓€绲勫湴闈㈡(bi膩o)蹇楃窔鍦�銆� 銆€銆€2.ATO闇€姹傛暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囧偝杓搁€氶亾 銆€銆€鍦ˋTO鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐛插彇鐨勯亷绋嬩腑,杌婅級ATP鎺ユ敹瀹夊叏淇℃伅銆傚畨鍏ㄤ俊鎭敱鍒楄粖鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶉亱(y霉n)琛屽崁(q奴)娈电殑AF900杌岄亾闆昏矾鍌抽€�,閲囩敤浣庨牷鑴堟矕瑾�(di脿o)骞呮柟寮�,鏈�8绋笉鍚岀殑瑾�(di脿o)鍒堕牷鐜�,6绋敤浜嶢TP閫熷害鍛戒护,2绋敤浜庨杸鎺у懡浠ゃ€傚彟澶�,杌婅級TWC绯荤当(t菕ng)鎺ユ敹鍦伴潰TWC淇℃伅銆傝┎淇℃伅涓€鑸槸闈炲畨鍏ㄦ帶鍒跺姛鑳芥暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉),璜稿閬�(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱�銆佸垪杌婅櫉銆佺洰鐨勫湴鍜岃烦鍋滅瓑銆傝┎淇℃伅閲囩敤FSK瑾�(di脿o)鍒舵柟寮�,閫氶亷鍦伴潰TWC瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏悜鍒楄粖鐧�(f膩)閫�銆傛渶鍚�,杌婅級ATO鎺ユ敹渚嗚嚜杌婅級ATP銆乀WC鐨勪俊鎭拰妯�(bi膩o)蹇楃窔鍦堢殑淇℃伅銆� 銆€銆€3.鎺у埗绛栫暐 銆€銆€閫熷害瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅):ATO鑸嘇TP閰嶅悎瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)閫熷害銆侫TP鍏辫ō(sh猫)6鍊嬮€熷害鍛戒护,鍗�20銆�30銆�45銆�55銆�65銆�80km/h銆侫TC绯荤当(t菕ng)鍏锋湁4鍊婣TS閬�(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱�,灏嶆噳(y墨ng)浜嶢TP鐨勫悇鍊嬮€熷害鍛戒护鏈夌浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勪慨姝ｉ€熷害銆傚弮鑰冮€熷害灏辨槸鎺ユ敹鍒扮殑ATP閫熷害鍛戒护銆丄TS閬�(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氱殑淇閫熷害鍙婂畾榛�(di菐n)鍋滆粖閫熷害鏇茬窔涓夎€呬腑鏈€灏忕殑閫熷害銆侫TO鏍规摎(j霉)杌屾梺鎺ユ敹鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氫俊鎭嵅寰楅亱(y霉n)琛岄€熷害淇℃伅,骞惰(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)杌婇€�銆佸姞閫熷害鍜岀▼搴忔笡閫熷害,浠ョ鍚堟墍鎺ユ敹鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氥€傚湪妾㈠嚭闄愬埗閫熷害璁婁綆骞跺湪姝ｅ父鐨勫埗鍕曟浠朵笅,濡傛灉杌婇€熷ぇ浜庣従(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ柊鐨勯€熷害鍛戒护,鍓囦互鍒跺嫊娓涢€熷害0.97m/s2鍟熷嫊甯哥敤鍒跺嫊銆侫TO瀛愮郴绲�(t菕ng)鍒╃敤闁夌挵(hu谩n)鍙嶉鎶€琛�(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)琛岃(di脿o)閫�,鍗冲皣瀵�(sh铆)闅涜粖閫熻垏鍙冭€冮€熷害涔嬪樊浣滅偤瑾ゅ樊鎺у埗閲�銆傞€氶亷鐗藉紩/鍒跺嫊绶氬皪鍒楄粖瀵�(sh铆)鏂戒竴瀹氱殑鐗藉紩鍔涙垨鍒跺嫊鍔�,浣胯宸帶鍒堕噺鐐洪浂銆� 銆€銆€杌婄珯鍋滆粖:杌婅級ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)灏囦慨姝ｇ▼搴忓仠杌婃洸绶�,浠ョ鍚堟墍鎺ュ彈鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱�銆傜簿纰虹殑杌婄珯鍋滆粖鏄€氶亷鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄨ粚閬撻浕璺疘D鍜岄倞鐣岀殑杞�(zhu菐n)鎻涗互鍙婅粖绔欑殑鐠�(hu谩n)绶氫締瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�銆傛噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄨ粚閬撻浕璺殑ID渚嗙⒑瀹氭纰虹殑鍋滆粖鏇茬窔鐨勮捣榛�(di菐n)銆傚垪杌婄稉(j墨ng)閬庣珯澶�350m铏曠殑绗竴灏嶅湴闈㈡(bi膩o)蹇楀櫒鏅�,瀹氶粸(di菐n)鍋滆粖鏇茬窔渚跨敱姝ゅ暉鍕�銆傚畾榛�(di菐n)鍋滆粖鏇茬窔鏄缓绔嬪湪涓€鍊嬪浐瀹氭笡閫熺巼鍩虹(ch菙)涓婄殑銆傜暥(d膩ng)ATS閫熷害鑸囧畾榛�(di菐n)鍋滆粖鏇茬窔閫熷害鐩稿悓鏅�,鍒楄粖杞�(zhu菐n)鍏ュ畾榛�(di菐n)鍋滆粖鎺у埗妯″紡銆傚垪杌婄稉(j墨ng)閬�150m銆�25m铏曠殑鍦伴潰妯�(bi膩o)蹇楀櫒鏅�,瀹冮洟闁嬫渶鍚庡仠杌婇粸(di菐n)鐨勮窛闆俊鎭涓嶆柗鏇存柊銆傚垪杌婄稉(j墨ng)閬�8m铏曠殑鏈夋簮鍦伴潰妯�(bi膩o)蹇楀櫒涓婃柟,骞舵敹鍒扮敱瑭叉(bi膩o)蹇楀櫒鐧�(f膩)閫佺殑淇¤櫉,鍒楄粖鍗冲埢杞�(zhu菐n)鐐哄畾浣嶅仠杌婃ā寮�,瀵�(sh铆)鏂藉叏甯哥敤鍒跺嫊,灏囪粖鍋滀綇銆傝粖杓涘皪浣嶅ぉ绶氳垏鍦伴潰灏嶄綅澶╃窔灏嶉綂銆� 銆€銆€閬�(y霉n)琛屾檪闁撶殑瑾�(di脿o)鏁�:涓昏鏄€氶亷閬告搰涓嶅悓鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氫締瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆傛儼琛屾ā寮忓凡缍�(j墨ng)鍖呭惈鍦ㄩ亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氫腑銆� 銆€銆€閬�(y霉n)琛屾ā寮忕殑鏀硅畩:ATC绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勯倧杓姹傛槸蹇呴爤鍦ㄥ垪杌婂仠涓嬫檪鎵嶅彲浠ラ€�(j矛n)琛岃綁(zhu菐n)鎻�,鍚﹀墖灏囧皫(d菐o)鑷翠竴娆＄穵鎬ュ埗鍕�銆� 銆€銆€2.3銆€寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)[4] 銆€銆€1.ATO瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒粖杓夎ō(sh猫)鍌�:涓昏鍖呮嫭ATC瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐(j墨)鏋�銆侀€熷害琛ㄣ€� 銆€銆€鎺у埗鑷�銆丄TP鎺ユ敹澶╃窔銆丳TI鐧�(f膩)閫佸ぉ绶�銆傚湴闈㈣ō(sh猫)鍌�:鍖呮嫭杌婄珯浜ゅ弶鐠�(hu谩n)绶氬拰PTI鐠�(hu谩n)绶�銆� 銆€銆€2.ATO闇€姹傛暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囧偝杓搁€氶亾 銆€銆€鐢变簬寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖閲囩敤FTGS鏁�(sh霉)瀛楅牷鐜囪粚閬撻浕璺�,鍥犳鑳藉偝閫佸牨(b脿o)鏂囦俊鎭�銆傚湴闈�?zh猫n)榄夊緬o鍒楄粖鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍏ㄩ儴缍�(j墨ng)杌岄亾闆昏矾鐢辫粖杓堿TP鎺ユ敹銆侫TO闇€瑕佺殑淇℃伅涓昏閫氶亷杌婅級ATP鐛插緱銆傚寘鎷稉(j墨ng)ATP铏曠悊閬庣殑淇℃伅锛堝(sh铆)闅涢€熷害銆侀亱(y霉n)琛屾柟鍚戙€佸(sh铆)闅涗綅缃�銆佸垪杌婇暦搴�銆侀檺閫熷懡浠�銆佸埗鍕曟笡閫熷害,闄勫姞淇℃伅:涓嬩竴鍗€(q奴)娈电簿瑾�(di脿o)銆佸仠杌婁綅缃�銆佽粖绔欏仠杌婏級,浠ュ強ATS缍�(j墨ng)閬嶢TP鍌崇郸ATO鐨勪俊鎭紙闁€鎺с€佸埌涓嬩竴绔欑殑鏅傞枔銆佽粖绔欒櫉銆佽粖娆¤櫉銆佺洰鐨勫湴铏�銆佽粚閬撻浕璺櫉锛�銆傚牨(b脿o)鏂囩敱鎵€鏈夐鍨嬬殑闆荤⒓鎸夌収涓€瀹氱殑娆″簭绲勬垚,鏄敱杌岄亾闆昏矾寰挵(hu谩n)鐧�(f膩)閫佺殑銆� 銆€銆€3.鎺у埗绛栫暐 銆€銆€閫熷害瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅):ATO鎺ユ敹鍒颁締鑷狝TP鐨勫付鍥涘€嬫(bi膩o)蹇楅粸(di菐n)鐨勯€熷害鍛戒护淇℃伅锛堝寘鎷渶澶ч€熷害銆佺涓€闄愰€�銆佺浜岄檺閫熷拰鍏ュ彛閫熷害鐨勮捣榛�(di菐n)銆佺祩榛�(di菐n)銆侀€熷害鍊硷級,瑷�(j矛)绠楀垪杌婅姹傜殑閬�(y霉n)琛岄€熷害銆侫TO鎸夌収鏅傚埢琛ㄥ拰閬�(y霉n)琛岄渶瑕佹彁渚涗笁绋ā寮忔洸绶�:鏈€澶у厑瑷辨洸绶�,甯歌(gu墨)閫熷害鏇茬窔锛堣純鏈€澶ч€熷害鏇茬窔涓嬮檷10%锛�,绡€(ji茅)鑳介€熷害鏇茬窔锛堣純鏈€澶ч€熷害鏇茬窔涓嬮檷20%锛�;鐒跺悗鏍规摎(j霉)鍚勭ó绶氳矾鎯呮硜銆佽粖杓涗俊鎭�,瑷�(j矛)绠楁墍闇€鐗藉紩鍔涙垨鍒跺嫊鍔�,浣垮垪杌婂埌閬�(d谩)瑕佹眰閫熷害銆傚垪杌婅ō(sh猫)瀹氫簡鏈€澶у姞閫熺巼,浠ヤ究鍒楄粖骞崇┅(w臎n)閬�(y霉n)琛�?锛熷垈鎵戞兇銊栨潖骞哥箔l璀﹀憡鏇茬窔,绺芥瘮ATP鐨勬渶澶у厑瑷遍€熷害鏇茬窔浣庝竴榛�(di菐n)銆傜暥(d膩ng)瓒呴亷璀﹀憡鏇茬窔,鍓囧牨(b脿o)璀�銆� 銆€銆€杌婄珯鍋滆粖:杌婄珯鍏�(n猫i)鐨勪綅缃(di脿o)鏁撮粸(di菐n)鐢卞浜ゅ弶鐨勭挵(hu谩n)璺彁渚�,濡傚湒2銆傜挵(hu谩n)璺殑闋拰灏炬槸鎵€璎傜殑鐠�(hu谩n)璺倞鐣�銆傜浉灏嶆噳(y墨ng)鍦拌粖绔欎腑闁撶殑鐠�(hu谩n)绶氫氦鍙夋槸鐢ㄤ締纰哄畾璺濋洟鐨�,涓€鑸殑璺濋洟鏄�6鍊嬫灂鏈ㄩ枔璺濄€傚彟澶栭倓瀹氱京涓€浜涚矖瑾�(di脿o)榛�(di菐n),瀹冨€戦枔鐨勮窛闆㈡笡鑷�3鍊嬫灂鏈ㄩ枔璺濅笖鍥涘€嬩竴绲�銆� [align=center] 鍦�2銆€瀹氶粸(di菐n)鍋滆粖浜ゅ弶鐠�(hu谩n)绶歔/align] 銆€銆€ATP杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒兘鎺ユ敹鍒伴€欎簺浜ゅ弶榛�(di菐n),骞舵妸姣忓€嬩氦鍙夐粸(di菐n)鐨勮檿鐞嗕俊铏熷偝绲TO銆侫TO瑷�(j矛)绠楁瘡鍊嬩氦鍙夐粸(di菐n)闁撶殑璺濋洟銆傜矖瑾�(di脿o)榛�(di菐n)鍙湁鍦ㄦ湡鏈涚殑浣嶇疆绐楀彛鍏�(n猫i)鎵嶈兘琚瓨鍒ュ埌銆傚亣濡傝瓨鍒ュ埌绮楄(di脿o)榛�(di菐n),鍓囦笅涓€鍊嬩氦鍙夐粸(di菐n)渚垮彲鐢ㄤ綔浣嶇疆鍚屾銆傞€欎簺浜ゅ弶榛�(di菐n)鐨勪綅缃凡闋�(y霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍦ˋTO涓�銆� 銆€銆€宸¤埅/鎯拌鏄疉TO鐨勪竴闋�(xi脿ng)杓斿姞鍔熻兘銆傛檪闁撳厖瑁曠殑瑭�,鍙互閲囩敤宸¤埅/鎯拌渚嗚(di脿o)鏁撮亱(y霉n)琛屾檪闁�,绡€(ji茅)鐪佽兘婧�銆� 銆€銆€姝ｇ窔涓婃敼璁婇亱(y霉n)琛屾ā寮�:鍦ㄥ垪杌婇亱(y霉n)琛屼腑鐨勪换涓€鏅傚埢,鍙告(j墨)鍙互閫氶亷绉诲嫊鎿嶇副妗夸娇涔嬭劔闆㈤浂浣�,寰炶€岄€�(j矛n)琛屼汉宸ラ椐�銆傚湪浠讳綍鏅傚€欏拰浠讳綍椐曢闅庢,ATO绲﹀嚭鍙互閫�(j矛n)琛孉TO椐曢鐨勯’绀�,鍙告(j墨)閫氶亷绉诲嫊鎿嶄綔妗�,浣夸箣閫�(j矛n)鍏ラ浂浣嶇疆骞惰矟澹揂TO鍟熷嫊閸�,鍒楄粖鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛屾ā寮忚畩?y艒u)閿砊O妯″紡銆� 銆€銆€2.4銆€绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒嗘瀽姣旇純 銆€銆€浠ヤ笂涓夊绯荤当(t菕ng)涓�,浠ュ唬宸炲湴閻�1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)閬�(y霉n)琛屾晥鏋滄渶濂�,涓婃捣鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)娆′箣銆傜稉(j墨ng)閬庝互涓婄殑鍒嗘瀽姣旇純鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n): 銆€銆€寰炰俊鎭嵅鍙栫殑瑙掑害渚嗚瑳,鍖椾含閲囩敤杌婄珯ATO閫氫俊鍣�,ATO鍙湪绔欏収(n猫i)鐛插緱淇℃伅,淇℃伅鐨勫(sh铆)鏅傛€ц純宸�;涓婃捣鍦伴惖1铏熺窔閫氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾鍜岃粚鏃乀WC,寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔閫氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾,鍧囦娇ATO鍦ㄩ亱(y霉n)琛屾檪浠嶈兘鎺ユ敹鏈€鏂颁俊鎭�銆� 銆€銆€寰濧TP闄愰€熸ā寮忎締璎�,鍖椾含鍦伴惖1铏熺窔鑸囦笂娴峰湴閻�1铏熺窔閲囩敤鍒嗙礆閫熷害鎺у埗妯″紡;寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔鍓囬噰鐢ㄦā寮忔洸绶氶€熷害鎺у埗妯″紡銆傛ā寮忔洸绶欰TP闄愰€熸ā寮忚兘浣緼TO鎺ц粖鏇撮珮鏁�,鏇村钩绌�(w臎n)銆� 銆€銆€寰炲仠杌婃柟寮忎締璎�,鍖椾含鍦伴惖1铏熺窔鑸囦笂娴峰湴閻�1铏熺窔閲囩敤鐨勬槸榛�(di菐n)寮忔ā寮�,鍦ㄥ浐瀹氫綅缃檿鏈夌浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭窔鍦�;寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔鍓囬噰鐢ㄩ€ｇ簩(x霉)妯″紡,鍦ㄧ珯鍏�(n猫i)閶ō(sh猫)閫ｇ簩(x霉)浜ゅ弶鐠�(hu谩n)绶�,鍦ㄥ畾榛�(di菐n)瑾�(di脿o)鏁磋窛闆㈢殑鍩虹(ch菙)涓�,閭勮兘閫氶亷浜ゅ弶鐠�(hu谩n)绶氳剤娌栬窡韫ゅ垪杌婄殑浣嶇疆銆� 銆€銆€寰為亱(y霉n)琛屾檪闁撹(di脿o)鏁翠締瑾�,鍖椾含鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO鏍规摎(j霉)ATS鍦ㄨ粖绔欑郸鍑虹殑鎯拌鍛戒护渚嗚(di脿o)鏁�,ATO瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐湰韬彧鏄牴鎿�(j霉)鍚勭ó閫熷害鍛戒护渚嗗煼(zh铆)琛屾搷浣�;涓婃捣鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO鍓囨槸閫氶亷ATS鐢辫粚鏃佽ō(sh猫)鍌欑郸鍑洪亱(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱氬懡浠�,鎸夌浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€熷害閬�(y霉n)琛屼締瑾�(di脿o)鏁撮亱(y霉n)琛屾檪闁�;寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO鑳借▓(j矛)绠楁墍瑕侀噰鐢ㄧ殑閬�(y霉n)琛岀瓑绱�,浠ヤ究閬哥敤涓嶅悓鐨勭壗寮曠櫨鍒嗘瘮瀵�(sh铆)鏂芥帶鍒�,渚嗚(di脿o)鏁撮亱(y霉n)琛屾檪闁撱€傚唬宸炲湴閻�1铏熺窔ATO閭勮兘瑷�(j矛)绠楁儼琛屾ā寮忕壗寮曞姏鐨勫垏闄ら粸(di菐n),浠ュ(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)婧�(zh菙n)鏅傞亱(y霉n)琛�銆傜浉灏嶄締瑾�,寤ｅ窞鍦伴惖1铏熺窔ATO灏嶆簴(zh菙n)鏅傛€х殑瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鑸囬亱(y霉n)琛屾檪闁撶殑瑾�(di脿o)鏁撮兘姣旇純闈堟椿銆� 3銆€ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑鍦嬬敘(ch菐n)鍖栫爺绌� 銆€銆€閫氶亷鍒嗘瀽姣旇純,灏嶅湅鐢�(ch菐n)鍖朅TO鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瑕佹眰濡備笅:淇℃伅鍙€氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾浠ュ牨(b脿o)鏂囩殑褰㈠紡鐧�(f膩)閫�;闄愰€熸ā寮忓彲閲囩敤妯″紡鏇茬窔鏂瑰紡;鍋滆粖瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏彲閲囩敤閶ō(sh猫)閫ｇ簩(x霉)浜ゅ弶鐠�(hu谩n)绶�;鏅傞枔鐨勮(di脿o)鏁磋姹傝兘瀵�(sh铆)鏅傝▓(j矛)绠椼€� 銆€銆€3.1銆€宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊 銆€銆€浠ュ唬宸炲湴閻�1铏熺窔ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)鐐哄熀绀�(ch菙),绲�(ji茅)鍚堝(sh铆)闅涙儏娉�,闁嬬櫦(f膩)ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆侫TO寰濧TS铏曞緱鍒板垪杌婇亱(y霉n)琛屼换鍕�(w霉)鍛戒护銆傝┎淇℃伅鏄垏鍦伴潰绶氳矾淇℃伅涓€璧风祫鎴愬牨(b脿o)鏂�,閫氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾鍌抽€佺殑,鐢辫粖杓堿TP绲�(t菕ng)涓€鎺ユ敹銆侫TP灏囩稉(j墨ng)閬庤檿鐞嗙殑灏岮TO鏈夌敤鐨勪俊鎭偝绲TO,骞堕’绀虹浉闂�(gu膩n)淇℃伅,涓斾笉鏂峰湴鐩�(ji膩n)瑕朅TO鐨勫伐浣�銆侫TO鐛插緱鏈夌敤淇℃伅鍚�,鏍规摎(j霉)瀵�(sh铆)闅涢亱(y霉n)琛岄€熷害鍜孉TP鐨勬渶澶у厑瑷遍€熷害,瑷�(j矛)绠楅亱(y霉n)琛岄€熷害,寰楀嚭鎺у埗閲忓苟鍩�(zh铆)琛屾帶鍒跺懡浠ゃ€傚贰鑸�/鎯拌妯″鐢辩崹(d煤)绔嬬殑鎺у埗鍣ㄤ締杓斿姪瀹屾垚銆傚埌绔欏悗,ATO閫氶亷PTI锛堣粖鍦伴€氫俊鐧�(f膩)閫佸ぉ绶氾級鍚戝湴闈㈢櫦(f膩)閫佸垪杌婁俊鎭�,骞跺偝鍒癆TS,浠ヤ究璀樺垾鍒楄粖鐨勪綅缃�銆侫TS鏍规摎(j霉)姝ゅ垪杌婁俊鎭⒑瀹氬垪杌婄殑鏂颁换鍕�(w霉)鍚庡啀娆￠€氶亷杌岄亾闆昏矾鍌抽€佺郸ATO銆傚湪鍗€(q奴)闁撻亱(y霉n)琛屾檪,姣忛€�(j矛n)鍏ユ柊鐨勮粚閬撳崁(q奴)娈�,ATO渚挎帴鏀舵柊鐨勫湴闈俊鎭�,浠ヤ究閫�(j矛n)琛岄€熷害瑾�(di脿o)鏁�銆傚湪閬�(y霉n)琛岄亷绋嬬鍚圓TO姊濅欢鏅�,鍏佽ū闈堟椿鍦板垏鎻涘埌ATO妯″紡銆� 銆€銆€3.2銆€ATO杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛) 銆€銆€ATO杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐槸ATO绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬牳蹇冮儴鍒�,鏄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勯洠榛�(di菐n)銆備互涓嬪垎鏋愪竴涓婣TO杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑鎺ュ彛銆侫TO鐨勮粖杓夎ō(sh猫)鍌欐帴鍙ｅ鍦�3銆傚叾涓瑿CU鐐轰腑澶帶鍒跺柈鍏�,閫氶亷绺界窔鎺у埗钁桝TO銆丄TP銆侀’绀哄櫒闁撶殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氫俊;L1銆丩2鐐鸿垏ATO鎺ュ彛鐨勯’绀虹噲;ATO鑸嘇TP闁撴湁澶氭牴淇¤櫉绶氱洿鎺ラ€ｆ帴,鍖呮嫭绯荤当(t菕ng)婵€鍕电窔銆丄TO鍏佽ū绛夌瓑;E1鍒癊10鐐鸿垏ATP鎺ュ彛鐨勯枊闂�(gu膩n)銆佹寜閳曟垨椤ず鐕�,鍖呮嫭鍙告(j墨)閼板寵銆丄TO鍏佽ū绛夌瓑銆傚湴闈俊鎭叏閮ㄧ敱ATP鎺ユ敹澶╃窔鎺ユ敹;PTI鐐鸿粖-鍦伴€氫俊鐧�(f膩)閫佸ぉ绶�銆� [align=center] 鍦�3銆€ATP杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐帴鍙/align] 銆€銆€浠ヤ笂灏嶆垜鍦嬬従(xi脿n)鏈夌殑鍦伴惖鍒楄粖鑷嫊椐曢绯荤当(t菕ng)閫�(j矛n)琛屼簡鍒嗘瀽姣旇純,骞跺皪鍒楄粖鑷嫊閬�(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)杌婅級瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫湅鐢�(ch菐n)鍖栧伐浣滅暐浣滀粙绱广€傜浉淇′笉涔�,鎴戝湅渚胯兘鎿佹湁鑷富闁嬬櫦(f膩)鐨勫垪杌婅嚜鍕曢亱(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)銆� 鍙冭€冩枃鐛�(xi脿n) 銆€銆€1銆€銆婄暥(d膩ng)浠ｄ腑鍦嬮惖璺俊铏熴€嬬法杓鍝℃渻.鐣�(d膩ng)浠ｄ腑鍦嬮惖璺俊铏�.鍖椾含:涓湅閻甸亾鍑虹増绀�,1997.413锝�443 銆€銆€2銆€鍚虫倍楹�.鍩庡競杌岄亾浜ら€氫俊铏熻垏閫氫俊绯荤当(t菕ng).鍖椾含:涓湅閻甸亾鍑虹増绀�,1998.126-141 銆€銆€3銆€鏉庢泬鏈�.涓婃捣鍦伴惖涓€铏熺窔鐨勮粖杓変俊铏熺郴绲�(t菕ng).閻甸亾閬�(y霉n)鐕熸妧琛�(sh霉),1998,4锛�4锛�:172锝�177 銆€銆€4銆€瀛泬鐓�,闄虫案鐢�.闋�(y霉)娓帶鍒跺湪ATO浠跨湡绯荤当(t菕ng)涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�.鍩庡競杌岄亾浜ら€氱爺绌�,2001,锛�4锛�:44 銆€銆€5銆€榛冭壇椹�.鍦伴惖鍒楄粖鑷嫊椐曢锛圓TO锛夌郴绲�(t菕ng)鍒嗘瀽鑸囩畻娉曠爺绌禰瀛�(xu茅)浣嶈珫鏂嘳.鍖椾含:鍖楁柟浜ら€氬ぇ瀛�(xu茅)闆诲瓙淇℃伅宸ョ▼瀛�(xu茅)闄�,2000