璁婇牷鍣紝浣滅偤宸ユ帶闋�(l菒ng)鍩熶腑鐨勨€滆€佺啛浜衡€�锛屽凡缍�(j墨ng)娲昏簫鍦ㄥ悇绋妤�(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓€绶氬咕鍗佸勾浜�锛屽畠鎵挎摂钁楅浕姗熻(di脿o)閫熺殑閲嶄换锛岀劇璜栨槸鏀瑰杽鐢熺敘(ch菐n)宸ヨ棟閭勬槸绡€(ji茅)鑳�锛岄兘鎵紨钁椾笉鍙己灏戠殑瑙掕壊銆傝€屽緸灏堟キ(y猫)瑙掑害渚嗚瑳锛屽畠鍏跺鏄竴绋噳鐢ㄨ畩闋绘妧琛�(sh霉)鑸囧井闆诲瓙鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛氶€氶亷鏀硅畩浜ゆ祦闆绘闆绘簮闋荤巼鐨勬柟寮忥紝渚嗘帶鍒朵氦娴侀浕鍕曟杞�(zhu菐n)閫熺殑闆诲姏鎺у埗瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆�

閭ｄ箞锛岃畩闋诲櫒灏嶄簬闆绘瑾�(di脿o)閫熺┒绔熸湁浠€涔堟剰缇�锛熶氦娴侀浕姗熻(di脿o)閫熺偤浠€涔堚€滈潪浠栦笉鍙€�锛�

闂�(gu膩n)浜庤畩闋诲櫒鐨勯噸瑕佹€�锛屾垜鍊戝緸浠ヤ笅骞惧€嬫柟闈締浜嗚В涓€涓嬪畠鐨勮獣鐢熷拰鐧�(f膩)灞曢亷绋嬨€�

宸ユキ(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓�锛屼娇鐢ㄩ浕姗熷皪鐗╅珨鎴栭儴浠剁殑閫熷害銆佷綅缃€茶婧栫⒑鐨勬帶鍒讹紝鏄竴鍊嬪繀瑕佺殑閬庣▼锛屾瘮濡傦細璧烽噸瑷�(sh猫)鍌欙紝绻旀瑷�(sh猫)鍌�锛岀墿鏂欏偝閫佸付锛屾敹鏀惧嵎...绛夊悇绋笉鍚岄鍨嬬殑姗熷櫒瑷�(sh猫)鍌欍€�

鍦ㄩ浕姗熻(di脿o)閫熸妧琛�(sh霉)閭勪笉鎴愮啛鐨勬檪鍊�锛屼汉鍊戝彧鑳介噰鐢ㄤ竴浜涙姊拌紨鍔╀欢鍘昏В姹虹墿楂旈亱鍕曟帶鍒剁殑鍟忛锛屾瘮濡傦細榻掕吉绠�銆侀洟鍚堝櫒...绛夊京闆滅殑姗熸鍌冲嫊瑁濈疆锛屽鏋滈亣鍒颁竴浜涚劇娉曡嚜鐢辫(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)闆绘鐨勬儏娉�锛岀偤浜嗛仈鍒版煇绋亱鍕曠洰鐨�锛屽氨闇€瑕佹洿鎻涢綊杓锛屾敼璁婂偝鍕曟瘮锛屾垨鑰呮槸鍒囨彌闆㈠悎鍣紝閫欏€嬮亷绋嬩笉鍍呴潪甯歌不鏅�锛岃€屼笖灏嶆姊扮殑鎼嶈€椾篃闈炲父澶�銆�

鍦ㄥ彟涓€椤炴祦楂旀帶鍒舵噳鐢ㄥ牬鏅腑锛岄浕姗熼€氶亷甯跺嫊钁夎吉杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�锛屽緸鑰屾帹鍕曟埃楂斻€佹恫楂旀祦鍕曟垨浣垮叾鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺浉鎳夌殑姘ｅ锛屾恫澹�锛屾棭鏈熷悓妯ｆ槸鐢变簬鐒℃硶鑷敱鐨勬帶鍒堕浕姗熻綁(zhu菐n)閫�锛屽彧鑳介€氶亷绠￠亾鍏�(n猫i)鐨勯枼闁€閫茶闁嬮枆锛屼締瀵︾従(xi脿n)灏嶆祦楂旀祦閲忓拰澹撳姏鐨勬帶鍒�锛岄€欐ǎ鐨勬帶鍒舵ā寮忛潪甯告氮璨婚浕鑳�銆�

鍦ㄦ矑鏈夎畩闋诲櫒鐨勫勾浠�锛岀敱浜庣劇娉曡嚜鐢辩殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)闆绘杞�(zhu菐n)閫燂紝鐐轰簡閬斿埌鏌愮ó閬嬪嫊鐩殑锛屽偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬姊颁笉寰椾笉澧炲姞寰堝閰嶄欢锛岄€欎笉鍍呭鍔犱簡鏁撮珨绯荤当(t菕ng)寰╅洔鎬ц垏鎴愭湰锛岄倓闄愬埗浜嗚ō(sh猫)鍌欑殑鎬ц兘鍜岀櫦(f膩)灞曠┖闁�锛岀偤浜嗚В姹洪€欎簺鍟忛锛屾帹鍑虹啊鍠€岄珮鏁堢殑闆绘瑾�(di脿o)閫熸妧琛�(sh霉)锛屼竴鐩存槸宸ユキ(y猫)鍌冲嫊鐮旂┒鐨勭啽榛炲拰鐥涢粸銆�

鐐轰簡瑙ｆ焙鍟忛锛屾棭鏈熼浕姗熻(di脿o)閫熺殑閲嶉粸涓€鐩存槸鐩存祦闆绘锛屽叾涓昏鍘熷洜涔嬩竴锛屽氨鏄汉鍊戦鍏堟帉鎻＄殑鏄暣娴佹妧琛�(sh霉)锛岃€屼笖鐩存祦闆绘鐨勬姊扮壒鎬�锛屼篃闈炲父閬╁疁鏌愪簺鍫存櫙闇€姹�锛屾渶绨″柈鐨勮(di脿o)鏁撮浕妯為浕澹撶殑鏂规硶灏辨槸涓插叆闆婚樆锛岄樆鍊艰秺澶�锛屽闄嶈秺澶�锛岀洿娴侀浕姗熻綁(zhu菐n)閫熻秺鎱�銆�

鐒惰€岋紝鐩存祦闆绘鐨勭己闄蜂篃鏄潪甯告槑椤殑锛屼緥濡傦細闆嗛浕鐠�(hu谩n)鍙婄⒊鍒烽渶瑕佸畾鏈熺董璀枫€佺洿娴侀浕姗熷埗閫犲伐钘濆京闆�锛屽埗閫犳垚鏈珮...绛�銆傞€欏氨鎰忓懗钁�锛屽湪澶ц寖鍦嶇殑闆绘鎳夌敤涓紝鐩存祦闆绘骞朵笉閬╁悎銆�

鑰屼氦娴侀浕姗熻垏鐩存祦闆绘鐩告瘮锛屽収(n猫i)閮ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏辫绨″柈寰堝锛屾矑鏈夋彌鍚戝櫒绛夌祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽埗閫犳柟渚�锛岀墷闈犵┅(w臎n)瀹�锛岄仼鍚堜簬楂樿綁(zhu菐n)閫�锛岄珮闆诲锛屽ぇ闆绘祦鐨勬噳鐢ㄥ牬鍚�锛屽敮涓€闇€瑕佽В姹虹殑渚挎槸浜ゆ祦闆绘鐨勮(di脿o)閫熷晱椤屻€�

Nikola Tesla鐧�(f膩)鏄庝氦娴侀浕姗�

鏃╁湪 1888 骞�锛屼氦娴侀浕鍜屼氦娴侀浕姗熷氨宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍟忎笘锛屼絾鍦ㄤ箣鍚庡緢闀蜂竴娈垫檪闁擄紝浜ゆ祦闆绘閮藉洜鐐哄叾绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍘熷洜锛屽彧鑳戒互涓€鍊嬫垨澶氬€嬪浐瀹氱殑閫熷害閬嬭锛屽叾杞�(zhu菐n)閫熻垏闋荤巼鎴愭姣�锛岃垏妤靛皪鏁�(sh霉)鎴愬弽姣旓細
銆€銆€n = 60 f锛� 1 - s 锛�/ p
寰炰互涓婂叕寮忓彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝杞�(zhu菐n)宸巼 s 鍜屾サ灏嶆暩(sh霉) p 閮芥槸闆绘鐨勫浐鏈夌壒鎬у弮鏁�(sh霉)锛屽湪闆绘鍒堕€犲畬鎴愬悗灏变笉鑳芥敼璁婁簡锛岃嫢鎯宠嚜鐢辩殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)杞�(zhu菐n)閫�锛屽彧鏈夋敼璁婂叾鍕曞姏闆绘簮鐨勮几鍏ラ牷鐜噁锛涜€屽湪璁婇牷鍣ㄨ獣鐢熶箣鍓�锛屽熀鏈矑鏈変粈涔堟墜娈佃兘鑷敱瑾�(di脿o)鏁撮浕缍�(w菐ng)闆诲鐨勯牷鐜�銆� 

鍒颁簡20涓栫磤80骞翠唬锛岄毃钁楀崐灏庨珨鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛屽挨鍏舵槸寰檿鐞嗗櫒鍜屾櫠闁樼瓒婁締瓒婃垚鐔燂紝宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍙互浣跨敤寰檿鐞嗗櫒鎺у埗鏅堕枠绠＄殑灏庨€氱媭鎱�(t脿i)浜�銆傞€欐ǎ锛屼娇鐢ㄥ井铏曠悊鍣ㄦ帶鍒朵笂涓嬫⿱闁嬮棞(gu膩n)鍏冧欢鐨勫皫閫氶枆鍚�锛屾寜鐓х壒瀹氱殑鏅傚簭閫ｇ簩(x霉)瀹屾垚鍕曚綔锛屽氨鑳藉?q奴)鈷呯环楹熷ó鍎濹鐐轰氦娴侀浕锛岄€欎篃灏辨槸鎴戝€戠稉(j墨ng)甯歌鐨勯€嗚畩鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛涘悓鏅�锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ヨ(di脿o)鏁村姛鐜囧厓浠堕枊闁夌殑鍕曚綔鍛ㄦ湡锛屽嵆鍙互瀵︾従(xi脿n)灏嶉€嗚畩杓稿嚭闋荤巼鐨勮(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)銆�

鏈€鍚庯紝鍐嶇祼(ji茅)鍚堟暣娴佹妧琛�(sh霉)锛屾垜鍊戝氨鑳戒緷鎿�(j霉)鎵€闇€闆绘簮鐨勫箙鍊煎拰闋荤巼锛屾妸闆荤恫(w菐ng)鐨勬婧栭牷鐜�锛屽揩閫熻綁(zhu菐n)鎻涙垚鐩告噳闋荤巼锛岀浉鎳夐浕澹撶殑浜ゆ祦闆�锛屽緸鑰屾敼璁婇浕姗熺殑杓稿叆闋荤巼锛屽鐝�(xi脿n)灏嶄氦娴侀浕姗熻綁(zhu菐n)閫熺殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鎺у埗锛涚稉(j墨ng)閬庢极闀风殑鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曞拰绉戝瀹朵笉鎳堝姫鍔涳紝璁婇牷鍣ㄥ湪涓€娆℃鎳夌敤涓崌绱氬拰婕斿寲锛屾參鎱㈣畩鎴愪簡浠婂ぉ鎴戝€戞墍鐪嬪埌鐨勬ǎ瀛�銆�

浜嗚В瀹岃畩闋诲櫒鐨勫緸鐒″埌鏈�锛屾帴涓嬩締浠嬬垂涓€涓嬭畩闋绘妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛岀附绲�(ji茅)璧蜂締鍩烘湰涓婂彲浠ュ垎鐐轰互涓嬩笁鍊嬮殠娈碉細

 1锛庨浕鍔涢浕瀛愬櫒浠剁殑鏇存柊?li谩n)Q浠�

闅ㄨ憲鍗婂皫楂斿櫒浠剁殑涓嶆柗鐧�(f膩)灞�锛屾垜鍊戦噰鐢ㄥ叏鎺у瀷鍣ㄤ欢浠ｆ浛鍗婃帶鍨嬫櫠闁樼锛圫CR锛夛紝鎶婅几鍑虹殑娉㈠舰璁婂寲鐐鸿剤瀵(di脿o)鍒剁殑PWM娉㈠舰锛屽ぇ澶ф笡灏忎簡璜ф尝鍒嗛噺锛屽鍔犱簡鐣版闆绘瑾�(di脿o)閫熻寖鍦�锛屾笡灏忎簡杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╃殑娉㈠嫊銆�

IGBT鐨勫伐浣滈牷鐜囦竴鑸彲浠ラ仈鍒�10锝�20 kHz涔嬮枔锛岃垏涓夋サ绠JT鐨�2kHz浠ヤ笅鐩告瘮锛屽伐浣滈牷鐜囬珮鍑轰竴鍊嬫暩(sh霉)閲忕礆锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄤ竴浜涢浕澹撳拰闆绘祦鎸囨鏂归潰锛屽潎宸茶秴閬庝簡浣跨敤BJT锛屼緥濡傞浕娴佹氮娑岃€愰噺銆侀浕澹撻樆鏂峰嘲鍊肩瓑銆傜敱浜庝娇鐢↖GBT锛屽彲浠ユ彁楂樿級娉㈤牷鐜囷紝鐢氳嚦鍙互褰㈡垚鎵€闇€鐨凱WM娉㈠舰锛岄€欐ǎ鍙互澶уぇ闄嶄綆璜ф尝鍣伈锛屽洜姝ゅ湪鐩墠璁婇牷鍣ㄦ噳鐢ㄤ腑锛孖GBT宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍩烘湰鏇夸唬浜咮JT銆�

鑰孖PM锛屽嵆鏅鸿兘鍔熺巼妯″锛屼互IGBT鐐洪枊闂�(gu膩n)鍣ㄤ欢锛屼笉鍍呮妸鍔熺巼闁嬮棞(gu膩n)鍣ㄤ欢鍜岄﹨(q奴)鍕曢浕璺泦鎴愬湪涓€璧�銆傝€屼笖閭勫収(n猫i)閮ㄩ泦鎴愭湁閬庨浕澹�锛岄亷闆绘祦鍜岄亷鐔辩瓑鏁呴殰妾㈡脯闆昏矾锛屽苟鍙皣妾㈡脯淇¤櫉閫佸埌CPU銆傚嵆浣跨櫦(f膩)鐢熻矤杓変簨鏁呮垨浣跨敤涓嶇暥锛屼篃鍙互淇濊瓑IPM鑷韩涓嶅彈鎼嶅銆�

IGBT妯″

2锛庢帶鍒舵柟寮忕殑鐧�(f膩)灞�

鏃╁厛鐨勮畩闋诲櫒鎺у埗鏂瑰紡閲囩敤鐨勬槸鎭掑闋绘瘮锛屽嵆V/f鎺у埗銆俈鏄寚闆诲鐨勬湁鏁堝€硷紝鏀硅畩V/f鍙兘瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)闆绘鐨勭┅(w臎n)鎱�(t脿i)纾侀€氬拰杞�(zhu菐n)鐭�銆傜偤浜嗘彁楂樹綆闋绘儏娉佷笅鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)鐭�锛岄兘闇€瑕侀€茶杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╂彁鍗囷紝閫氬父閲囩敤瑁滃劅闆诲鐨勬柟寮�锛屾湁鐨勯倓鍙互闅ㄨ矤杓夎畩鍖栬鍎熷畾瀛愮篂绲勯浕澹撻檷銆�

鍚庝締璁婇牷鍣ㄥ嚭鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗕竴绋柊鐨勬帶鍒舵柟寮忊€旂煝閲忔帶鍒�锛屽畠鐨勫熀鏈師鐞嗗氨鏄缓绔嬬瓑鏁堢洿娴侀浕姗熺殑妯″瀷锛屽皣鐣版姗熺殑瀹氬瓙闆绘祦鍒嗚В鐐哄嫷纾佸垎閲忓拰杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╁垎閲忓垎闁嬫帶鍒�?锛熷垈鑻跨暡鏀€鍣舵复浜查挭楗曨€旀ā顑︻媰鏉傝亴鍜藉櫠闈犲垈鍝丵鐐虹鍫村畾鍚戞帶鍒�锛岃€岃綁(zhu菐n)鐭╃殑鎺у埗鍓囨槸闁撴帴鐨勩€�

鐭㈤噺鎺у埗绯荤当(t菕ng)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦�

鐭㈤噺鎺у埗闇€瑕佸潗妯欒畩鎻涢亱绠椾互鍙婇渶瑕佹娓闅涚殑杞�(zhu菐n)閫熶俊铏�锛屾墍浠ラ兘闇€瑕侀€熷害鍌虫劅鍣ㄩ€茶鍙嶉锛屼篃灏辨槸闁夌挵(hu谩n)鐭㈤噺鎺у埗銆傝€屼箣鍚庯紝鎻愬嚭浜嗕竴绋劇閫熷害鍌虫劅鍣ㄧ煝閲忔帶鍒剁殑鏂规锛屽畠鏄牴鎿�(j霉)闆绘瀵﹂殯閬嬭鐨勭浉闆诲鍜岀浉闆绘祦浠ュ強瀹氳綁(zhu菐n)瀛愮篂绲勫弮鏁�(sh霉)閫茶瑷堢畻锛岄€茶€岃▓绠楀嚭杞�(zhu菐n)瀛愮閺堝拰杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╅浕娴佺殑瑙€娓€�锛屽緸鑰屽鐝�(xi脿n)纾佸牬瀹氬悜鐨勭煝閲忔帶鍒�銆�

鑸囩煝閲忔帶鍒跺苟琛岀櫦(f膩)灞曠殑閭勬湁涓€绋柟寮忕ū鐐虹洿鎺ヨ綁(zhu菐n)鐭╂帶鍒讹紙DTC锛�锛屽畠寮疯(di脿o)灏嶄簬杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╃殑鐩存帴鎺у埗銆傚叾鍋氭硶鏄緷鎿�(j霉)娓噺鍒扮殑闆绘闆诲鍙婇浕娴�锛屽幓瑷堢畻闆绘纾侀€氬拰杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╃殑浼版脯鍊硷紝鑰屽湪鎺у埗杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╁悗锛屼篃鍙互鎺у埗闆绘鐨勯€熷害銆� 

鐩存帴杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╂帶鍒剁郴绲�(t菕ng)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦�

3锛庡姛鑳藉妯ｅ寲

鐩墠鐨勮畩闋诲櫒鎲戝€熷姛鑳藉緢寮风殑寰檿鐞嗗櫒锛岄櫎浜嗚兘瀹屾垚闆诲嫊姗熻畩闋昏(di脿o)閫熺殑鍩烘湰浠诲嫏浠ュ锛岄倓鍏�(n猫i)缃湁澶氱ó鍔熻兘銆備緥濡傦細

(1)鑷嫊鍔犳笡閫�銆�

(2)绋嬪簭閬嬭

(3)鑷嫊绡€(ji茅)鑳介亱琛�

(4)闆绘鍙冩暩(sh霉)鑷缈�

(5)PID鎺у埗閬嬭

(6)閫氫俊鍜屽弽楗嬪姛鑳�

涓婁笘绱€70骞翠唬瑗块杸瀛愬伐绋嬪斧棣栧厛鎻愬嚭鐣版闆绘鐭㈤噺鎺у埗鐞嗚珫锛屼締瑙ｆ焙浜ゆ祦闆绘杞�(zhu菐n)鐭╂帶鍒跺晱椤�锛� 鑰屽皪浜庣洿鎺ヨ綁(zhu菐n)鐭╂帶鍒朵締瑾紝涓€鑸枃鐛昏獚鐐哄畠鐢卞痉鍦嬮鐖惧ぇ瀛哥殑M.Depenbrock鏁欐巿鍜屾棩鏈殑I.Takahashi浜�1985骞村垎鍒ユ彁鍑虹殑銆傚彲瑕嬶紝鍦嬪灏嶄簬闆绘鎺у埗鐨勭爺绌舵垚鏋滄槸鏃╀簬鎴戝湅锛屽叾璁婇牷鍣ㄧ敘(ch菐n)鍝佷篃鏄棭浜庢垜鍊戝湅鍏�(n猫i)鍝佺墝閫插叆鍒板ぇ鐪捐閲庣殑銆�

鐝�(xi脿n)鍦�锛岄毃钁楁垜鍦嬬溇澶氬伐绋嬪斧鍦ㄩ€欏闋�(l菒ng)鍩熼噷鐨勪笉鏂峰缈掕垏閴嗙爺锛屽湅鍏�(n猫i)鐨勮畩闋诲櫒琛屾キ(y猫)锛岀劇璜栨槸鍦ㄥ搧鐗屻€佹€ц兘锛岄倓鏄児鏍兼柟闈紝閮藉湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婃豢瓒充簡鎴戝湅鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曠従(xi脿n)鐙€銆傝€屼綔鐐轰竴鍊嬪皥妤�(y猫)寰炰簨璁婇牷鍣ㄧ爺鐧�(f膩)銆佺敓鐢�(ch菐n)銆佹湇鍕欑殑浼佹キ(y猫)锛屽亯鍓�(chu脿ng)鏈冨湪閫欏€嬮牁(l菒ng)鍩熶竴鐩村皥娉ㄧ爺绌�锛岀敤蹇冨仛濂芥瘡涓€娆捐畩闋荤敘(ch菐n)鍝侊紝鐐烘櫤鑳藉埗閫�2025鐨勬湭渚嗘坊纾氬姞鐡�銆�